A cobpoeation of



A. A. HORTON.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man DEC. 2a. 1915.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET I.

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APPLICATION FILED 020.26, 1916.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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L ATTORNEYS WITNESSEs I. a}

A. A. HORTON.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED u:c.2e. ms.

I'IIIIIIII! 1 ATTORNEYS A WSSES Maw" A. A. HORTON.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.26, IQIE.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

a a JrgENTOR 4,

UNITED STATES PATENT prince.

ALLEN A. nonron, or HIGHLAND Penn, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO BURROUGHS ADDING MACHINE COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A. CORPORATION or MICHIGAN.

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov; 16, 192() Application filed December 26, 1916. Serial No. 138,916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN A. HORTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Highland Park and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to adding machines of the kind which have automatic means whereby to perform subtraction by the process of complemental addition. -There are several known ways of;accomplishing such a result, oneusuch arrangement employing I keys and the sixteen stopswhereby toset a rotating drumhaving complementally related series of spirally+arranged stop-pins, v and another employing complementally arranged shiftable couplings between theQnumeral keys-and the stops whichmeasure movements of registering elements, and still another known arrangement employing stepped stop-plates in conjunction with keys each of which has two stop-pins forcooperation with such plates, one of the latter a being permanently connected with a typecarrier and separably engaged ,With'a registering rack bar, and the other stepped plate adapted to be: connected with and disconwanted from said rack bar. 30

The two first mentioned arrangements have been known heretofore as applied to the so-called 10- key type of adding machine,'and the thirdmentioned arrangement as a plied to the so-called Bl-key type of adding machine. My invention has more especial reference to the latter type of adding machine and I aim to attain certain practical advantages in adapting such a machine for performance of subtraction by the process of complemental addition, among which advantages are the maintenance of a permanent connection'between the registering rack'bars and the typecarriers, and the avoidance of any coupling and uncoupling of indexing devices (which term embraced the value keys'and settable stops Which measure the movements of the registering bars and type-carriers both for straight work of addition and for work of subtraction by complemental addition.) I am able to accomplishthe desired results by comparatively simple mechanical means, in which connection I may mention the fact that I employ only a single stop on a registering bar, foreach of the two sets of key- .in the county of Wayne riers.

stops which I use, and I may add that the two stops are on a single piece. As just indi cated I employ two sets or series'of ke stops, one of which serves in straight edd tionand the other in complemental addition. While this means the employment of sixteen separate and independently 'movable stops for each row of keys, nevertheless my invention does not involve the employment of a5 great multitude of mechanical parts,'.for besides being able to accomplish the desired result with a single stop-piece on each registering baryas above mentioned, 'I require but fourintervening parts betweenthe eight the latter. In this connection it may be well to 1 point out herethat each Ofsaid .keys

- simultaneously sets twostops, oneof each set, such two stops being compleinentally related. For example, depression of the 2-key sets the 2 stop for addition andthe 7- stop-for subtraction, thoughof course only one of a pair of said stops will function in the same Operation. lVhether it is the addi tiOn or subtraction stop will depend upon the setting of the stop-piece of the registering bar.

As before stated, the registering bars are permanently connected with the type car- In order to provide for always printing the number corresponding with the key that is depressed, whether addition or subtraction is being'performed, I provide each type carrier with a dduble set of types, and the two sets run .reversely and theirindividual members are alternated. Thus the types for printing addedanio'untsrun as usual from top to bottom of the type car rier, whereas the types for printing subtracted amounts run from bottom to top, there being a cipher type at each end of the type-carrier in order to provide for the filling in of ciphers to the right of the highest significant digit either in an added amount or in a subtracted amount. With such an arrangement of alternating addition and subtraction types it is of course necessary to regulate the type-carrier to suit the work and lockingdevices hereinafter described, and also cooperating, in a novel manner, with certain stops which determine .the extent of movement of the associated rack bars 14 which, as customary in these machines, is

draw-n'rearward bya spring 14". The stops above referred to are in the form of blades and they are divided into two sets or series, one located forward and the other rearward, the forward series being adapted to determine the extent of movement of'the rack bar for straight addition and'the rearward series being adapted to determine its extent of movement for subtraction. Eight of the stop-blades of the forward series are desi nated B, and eight of the stop-blades of t e rearward series are designated C, and these,

- sixteen stop-blades are coupled up in pairs to the eight keys A numbered from 1 to 8. 'A- fixed stop-blade D is located a step beyond the movable blades B and serves to measure the maximum movement of the rack bar in addition. Another fixed stop-blade 1 (here shown as an integral part of the vertical transverse frame-piece or supporting-plate 16) is located a step beyond the eight movable stop-blades C of the rearward series, and serves to measure the maximum movement of the rack-bar in subtraction.- A zero stop-blade F, located a step forward of the stop-blades B serves to prevent movement of the rack'bar when the machine is operated; as a straight adding machine and no key is depressed. A normally retracted stop-blade G located a step forward of the stop-blades C serves to prevent movement of the rack bar when the machine is operated for subtraction with the -9-key depressed, except-that in the units order a one-step movement of the rack bar will take place under such conditions.

For purposes of vco-action with either series of stop-blades, the rack bar carries a special stop-piece in the form of a rocking arm 15, lvoted centrally to the rear end of the rack ar at 15'. -Said arm terminates at its front end in an upstanding projection 15", the rear side of which constitues a shoulder to strike against the stop-blades of the forward set and thereby determine the extent of movement of the rack bar in adding operatlons. At approximately the same distance to the rear of the pivot 15 the rocking arm is formed with an upstanding projectio'n 15 whose rear side constitutes a shouler for striking against the stop-blades of t e rearward set to determine the extent of movement of the rack bar in subtraction. The rear indexing projection of the units rocking arm is specially designated 15" to distinguish it from the rear indexing projections of the other rocking arms, because it is in the particular location of the units projection that I make provision for movement of the units rack bar a step farther than high order rack bars in order to take care of the necessity already alluded to. This is done by the simple expedient of locating said stop projection 15 one step farther forward on its rockin arm than the stop pro: 'ections 15of higlier order rocking arms. his is clearl illustrated in Figs; -1 and 6.

The centra pivotal mounting ofthe rocking arm upon the rack bar provides for the setting of that, arm so as ,to either have the stop-b ades of the forward series project into the path of the adding stop projection 15", or the stop-blades of the. rearward series project into the path of the pro'ection 15, or 15 in the case of the units w eel. I shall not for the present describe the means for setting the rocking arm because that is done through connection with the type-carrier,

and it will therefore be better to leave this until I come to a description of the printing mechanism. a

It will be noted that in Fig. 1 the zero stop-blade F confronts the stoprojection 15 ready to'prevent movement 0 the. rack bar if the machine is operated with no key depressed (there is just-fa slight clearance ,3-ke r is down and the corresponding stopbla e is enga ed w'th the said pro ection '15", the operatmg handle 17 being forward. Rocking the arm to the other or subtraction position takes the projection 15" below the zero stop-blade F and locates the rear. projection 15 (or 15") for ooiiperatlon w1th thc special stop-blade Gor any one of the eight sto -blades C or with the fixed stop-blade E.

l t should be understood at this point that where there is a cipher in the subtrahcnd and therefore 11o key in that ordcr is depressed, there. must not be prevention of movement of the rack bar as by the zero stop F under adding conditions,'but on the contrary the rack ,bar should move to the maximum extent so that nine will be complementally added in any order except. the units order and ten will be added in the latter order. Hence the setting of the rocking arm for subtraction does not put the projection 15 (or 15") right in front of any stopblade but simply puts it where 'it-wil.l strike against the most remote stop-blade of the rearward series, to wit, the fixed blade E, as

plished throug I In the units order there should be a onestep movement of the rack bar in such a situation and it will be noted that the units stop-projection 15 in Fig. (l is s aced one step from the lowered stop-blade i.

s before stated, the movable stop-blades B and C of the two series have their members connected in pairs with the keys numbered 1- to 8, and this of course is done complementally. Thus the l-stop-blade of the forward series and the 8-stop-blade of the rearward series are adapted to be simultaneously set by depression of the l-key, and the 2estop-blade of the forward series and the 7-stop-blade of the rearward'series are adapted to be simultaneously set by depression of the 2-ke and so on. This is acco m-. the employment of four cam bars or plates, each of which is operable by ei er of two complementally paired keys b t in opposite directions, and is formed with. two I} of reversely related keysetting cam-slots. Thus one of these plates is shifted in one direction by the l-key and in the opposite direction by the B-key, and another one of these plates is shifted in one directionby the 2-key and in the op osite direction by the 7-key and the third is shifted in one direction by the 3-key and in the o posits direction by the 6-key and the fou is shifted in one direction by the 4- key and in the opposite direction by the 5-key.

Referring to Figs. Ito 3 the numeral 18 designates the cam-bar or plate which is operated b the 1 and S-keys. The flat stems A and of those keys extend down alongside said her or plate and in widened portions of said stems there are formed camslots a and a into which roject studs 18 and 18" on the bar. Eac cam-slot comprises a horizontal branch and an oblique branch and the slots are-reversely'related to each other so that when the l-key is dep the cam-bar will be forced rearward, the stud 18' then riding idly in the horizontal branch of the slot of the B-key stem, and when the .S-key is depressed the said bar will 'be.forced forward, the stud 18 riding idly in the horizontal branch of the slot of the l-key stem. A cam-slot 18 is formed in the lower forward portion of said bar and embraces a lateral projection 72, on the l-stop-blade of the forward series. A similar cam-slot 18 formed in the rear portion of said bar embraces a lateral projection c on the 8-stop-blade of the rear series. The oblique portions of these'two cam-slots in the bar extend downwardly and forwardly from horizontal branches of the slots so that when the bar is forced rearward by depression of the 1-key both the 1- stop-blade of the forward seriw and the S-stop-blade of the rear series will be low- "cred.

Now there are two other cam-slots 18 and 18 in this same bar and they are similar in form to the cam-slots18 and 18 but reversed as compared therewith, that is to say, their oblique portions extend rearwardly instead of forwardly. The cam-slot 18' embraces a lateral projection on. the 8-stopblade of the forward series and the camslot 18' embraces a lateral projection on the l-stop-blade of the rear series. Consequently when the S-key is depressed and the bar thereby thrust forwardly the 8-stopblade of the forward series will be lowered and the l-stop-blade of the rear series.

Immediately above the cam-bar 18 and in the same plane therewith is a cam bar 19 which is operated by the 4 and 5-keys. The Hat stems A and A of these two keys extend down past said cam-bar and in widened portions of these stems there are formed'cam-slots a and a just like the cam-slots of the 1 and 8-key stems, which cam slots 0 and a. embrace studs 19 and 19" on the bar 19 so that when the 4-key is depressed said bar is forced rearwardly and when the 5-key is depressed said bar is forced forwardly. A cam-slot 19 at the uper forward .portion of the bar 19, and just ike the cam-slot 18 of the bar 18, embraces a lateral projection on the 4 -stop-blade of the forward series, and a similar slot 19 at was braces a lateral projection on the 5-stopblade of the rear series, so that when the bar is forced rearward by depression of the 4-key these two stop-blades will be lowered, as shown in Fig. 3. Another pair of camslots 19 and19 in this bar .19 embrace respectively lateral projections upon the 5- stop-blade of the forward series and the 4-stop-blade of the rear series so'that when the 5-key is depressed and the bar thrust forgard these two stop-blades will be lowere r The two cam-bars above identified are 10: cated at the right of the stop-blades, as shown in Fig. 5. The two other cam-bars of the set of four are located at the left,one above the other. Thelower one'of these left hand cam-bars, ap caring in side elevation in Figs. 2 and 4, is esignated-20 and is oper- 3-key is depressed the, bar 20 is forced rearward and when the 6-key isdepressed said bar is forced forward. This cam-bar 20 cooperates with the 3-stop-blade of the forward series and the 6-stop-blade of the rear series and also with the 3-stop-blade of the rear series and the 6-stop-blade of the forrear slot constituting one pair, and the back wardseries, in the same manner that the before described cam-bars 18 and 19 cooperate with their stop-blades of the two series, but the slot-design in the bar 20 is a little in the rear portion of the bar embracing the lateral pro ections on the 3 and 6-stopblades o the rear series. This, however, is a mere matter of expediency inmanufacture and these twocontmuous' slots are in efi'ect .twopairs of slots, the front-half 20 of the forward slot and the back half 20' of the half 20' of the front, slot and the front half 20' of the rear slot constituting the other 5;; 2 immediately i ao pair. It will be seen therefore that when the B-key is depressed and the bar thrust rearward the'3-stop-blade of the forward. series and the 6-stop-blade of the'rear series will'be lowered; 'whereaswhen the 6-key is depressed and, the bar thrust forward the 6-stop-b1adeof'the forward series and the 3-stop-blade of the rear series will be low} ered.

.The remaining cam-bar 21*is' arranged ated by the 2 and 7-keys whose flat stems A. and 11' extend alongside said barand have cam slots a and a embracin studs 21" and 21'? .on the bar so that when t e 2-key is depressed the bar is thrust rearward and when the 7-ke is depressed the bar is thrust forward. X cam slot 21 in the forward portion of the bar 21 embraces a lateral'pro jection on the 2-stop-blade of the forward series, and a similar cam-slot 21 in the rear portion of the bar embraces a lateral projection on the 7-stop-blade of the rear series. I A reverse cam-slot 21 in the forward portion of the bar embraces a lateral projection on the 7-stop-blade of the forward series and a similar cam-slot 21 in the rear. portion of the bar embraces a lateral projection on the 2-stop-blade of the rear series. Thus when the 2-key is depressed and the bar thrust rearward the 2-st0pblade of the forward series and the 7-stopblade of the rear series are lowered, whereas when the 7-key is depressed the 7 -stop-blade of the forward series and the 2-stop-blade of the rear series are lowered.

From the above it will be clear that the eight keys operate the successive stop-blades 0 the forward series so as to properly measure the movement of the rack bar according to the value of the key depressed when addition is being performed. It will also be clear that a complemental sto -blade ofthe rear series is always lowere as an accompaniment to the lowering of the sto blade of the forward series. Consequently if the stop-arm 15 on the rack bar is set for.

19 thrust rearward lowering the it-stopand 21 are supported by and slide through above the bar 20: and is .oper-' two cam-bars 20 and 21. Sprin subtraction the movement of the said rack bar will be complementall measured. For instance, as illustrated in ig. 3, (where the et-key is shown depressed and the cam bar blade of the forward series and the 5-st0p blade of the rear series), the forward projection 15' of the stop-arm 15 (the. one nearest the observer) passes below said 4- stop-blade and the movement of the rack 15 bar is measured by abutmentof the rear Q stop projection 15 against the lowered t-stop-blade of the rear series. In this same illustration no key has been depressed in the next higher :order and co uently the rack bar of 1 at order partakes oi the maximum movement as measured by abutment of the rear sto -projection 15 against the fixed sto-blaeE.' e four cam-bars or plates 18, 19, 20

guidin slots in the'before-mentioned vertical p ate 16 and another vertical plate 16 at the front, and the key-stemsand the stopblades are properly held and guided in slots in two horizontal plates 16" and 16 rigidly to' the plates 16 and 16. The key- Stemsare offset as best shown in Fig. 5 so as to rovide for the stems of the 1, 5

and- 8- eys extending down pastthe righthand sides of the cam-bars 18 and 19, and

for the stems of the remaining ke s passing down along the left-hand sides 0 the other 22 normally uphold the keys, said keys eing conveniently attached to cars on the lower portions of the key-stems and being anchored in the upper horizontal plate 16.

The lifting of the zero stop-blade F whenever any key is depressed is provided for in 10s the followin manner: In. an upper portion of said his e projecting sufiiciently above the frame late 16, there is formed an openin into w 'ch projects one arm of a small be l-crank lever 23 pivoted to an ear of the 1m plate 16. The other arm of said bell-crank lever is pivoted to a detent stri 24 which extends alon ide the entire series of keystems and slides through slots in the ver tical-frame-plates 16 and 16. This detent 11a strip is formed with a series of short spaced flanges to cooperate with the key-stems whereby to effect the lifting or withdrawal of the zero stop-blade and also the latching down of the depressed key and the locking out of the rest of the keys. The foremost flange 24 functions only in the first twomentioned respects and the rearmost flange 24 functions only to lock out the 9-key. The remaining flan es 24 function in all three respects. Eac key-stem has a 'for-' ward projection 25 with an inclined under edge to coact with the beveled rear edge of the adjacent flange of the detent strip for the thrustingforward of the latter and conv a printing devices sequent lifting of the zero stop. A small shoulder 26 is formed in the upper part of the projection 25 for said flange of the detent stri to engage when the key is fully depressor whereby to hold it down, as best shown in Fig. 3 where the 4-key is in action. A spring 24 applied to the detent strip brings this about and of course it will be understood that the rearward movement of the stri to engage its flange with the said shoulder is insufiicient to again lower the zero step into the path of the stoprojection 15 on the stop-arm of the rackar.

On the rear side of each key-stem there is formed a projection 27 with an inclined upper side to coact with the beveled forward edges of flan s of the detent strip so that the ower 0 the key-spring may be availed o to aid the spring 24 in restoring the detent strip when the key rises. The under edges of these projections 27 are abrupt and when a key is depressed the flanges engage beneath the projections of.

one rated keys and thereby ock them out, as i lustrated in Fig. 3. The detent strip 2-1 projects in rear of the frame-plate 16 suiiieiently to be operated upon by an automatic key-releasing device at the termination of an o eration of the machine, the particulars of w ich action will be pointed out later on in connection with a description of certain actuating devices worked by the operating handle 17.

Viith respect to the indexing devices it remains to describe-the arrangement for lowering the special sto i-blade G when the 9- key is depressed, sai blade functionin as before stated, to prevent movement 0 the rack-bar when 'performin subtraction, except as to the units rackar which in such case pal-takes of a one-step movement. course it will be understood from what has already been described that the 9-key has no connection with any one of the double acting stop-bars for it is quite unnecessary to set akey-stop to measure the maximum movement of the rack-bar in erforming addition. The fixed stop-blade functions in that respect. It is essential, however, in the case of subtraction to set a stop representing the complement of 9-when the 9-key 15 de ressed. This is very simply accomphshed, as best shown in F gs. and 7,, by su plying the Q-key-stem A with a lateral y projecting'fin r a at the ofi'set portion of said stem, and wing that finger engage in a sguare notch (I cut in the edge of an upwar ly projectingl portion of the bladeG.

Passing now to t e recording mechanism of the machine, duplicate type-carriers and are emplo e for all of the the units or er, so that a description o no com lete set will sufiice for all and this applies a so as to the units order save for the type-housing being extended orders except 0 and the subtraction tiyl'pes located a step lower than upon the ot er type-carriers and a certain controlling lever bein longer. There IS a type-carrymg lever of ell-crank form mounted upon a pivot rod 50 which occu ies short vertical slots 51 in the supporting side plates or frame-pieces of the machine. One branch 52 of this bell-crank lever normally extends downward and forward and is pivoted to the upturned rear end of an extension 15' of the pivoted stoparm 15 on the rack bar. The other arm 52 of this bell-crank lever normally extends rearwardly and downwardly and it carries the arc-shaped housing 53 for the types.

There are two sets of types, nine in each set and the types of the two sets alternate in reversed order, as best shown in Fig. 1. The types which serve for the printing of added amounts are designated a: and the series begins with the cipher type at the upper end of the housing and it terminates with'the vQ-type. The subtraction set of types, designated 3 begins with the cipher type at the'bottom of the housing andends with the 9-type at the upper end so that this 9-type comes next to the cipher type of the addition series and then comes the l-ty we of that series, andso on, in alternation. ts the units rack-bar always moves an extra step farther in subtracting operations as compared with other rack-bars, the housing for the units order; ty es is made somewhat lon r so that it projects farther downwar to accommodate the cipher type of the subtraction series a step lower than the cipher type of the subtraction series of the tens type-carrier, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1", and of course the other ty s of the subtraction series in the units 01-521 are correspondingly lower down and there are no types between the 0 and l-types of the subtraction or the addition series in the units order.

It will be manifest that the rack-bar spring 14" when drawin the rack-bar rearward will swing the be l-crank type-carrying lever about its pivot-rod 50 and of course the spacin apart of the types of each series oorrespon s with the spacing apart ofstop-blades of corresponding series so that the proper type will be brought to the printing line. The pivot-rod 50 normally occupies the bottoms of the short slots 51 and the cipher types of the addition series are at the printing line, as illustrated in Fig. 1, pro erly positioned to be driven against the re ler platen 60. Lifting of the pivotrod 50 to the to of the slots will bring the 9-ty es ofthe su traction series to the printing ine, except in the case of the units typecarrier. Man'ifestly, such lifting of the said pivot-rod will raise the rear end of the rackar stop-arm 15 rocking the same on its pivot 15. In this way the propersetting of the type-carriers for subtraction is brought about simultaneously with the proper setting of the rack-bar stop-arms. twill be noted that the stop-blades vary somewhat in length'so as to make the lines along. which their lower ends terminate.

accord with the arcuate paths of the rejections and 15 resultant from t 'eir gilvloted stop-arm being connected to the -crank lever. The proper control of the pivot-rod and the shifting thereof between addition and subtraction positions is provided for by having the ends of the rod project into camsecured to and extendvertically from stub-f ing slots of a pair of arms 54: and 54" which are shafts 55 in bearin on the two side frames of the machine said stub-shafts being rigidly connectedby a yoke 56 allowing room for the type-carriers to swing. The left-.

hand 54' is extended to serve. as a handle pro'ecting above the casing of the machine. en this handle is forward as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 8, the rear ends of the cam-slots hold the pivot-rodin the bottoms of the short slots 51 and thus the add condition is established and maintamed. jWhen the handle is thrown rearward, the said ivot-rod is moved to the upper ends of sa d slots 51 and there mainmined, as shown in Fi 3, which of course establishesthe subtracting condition.

driving-lever and spring and latch or trig-I adjacent lower order latch for the filling in Referring next to the means for driving the types in printing, 61 designates a hammer' pivoted upon a cross-rod 62 and having a cam-slot engaged by a stud on a hammerdrivinE-lever 63 which is pivoted upon a rock-s aft 64. A spring 651s applied to this lever and'a bail cross-rod 66 normally holds the lever retracted and the spring under tension. A latch or trigger 67 pivoted upon a cross-rod 68 normally engages over the forwardly projecting arm of the hammer-driving-lever 63. stood that there is a hammer and hammerger'in each order of the machine, and that 'the bailcross-rod 66 is common to the entire series of hammer-driving-levers. Furthermore the familiar expedient is employed which consists in forming the latches or triggers with laterally turned tail-pieces 67 so that a higher order latch will trip the next of ciphers to the right of the highest significant digit in a printed amount.

The bailcross-rod66 is carried between a pair of side-plates 69 secured to the rockshaft 64 upon which the hammer-drivinglevers are pivoted. This bail structure besides operatingto retract the hammer-drivingrlev'ers also'serves to trip the triggers. Each of the latter has an arm 67" pivoted to lts lower extremity and drawn upward by a spring'fif". This arm has a catch projec- It will of course be under-' tion 67' supplying a rearwardly-facin shoulder, and there is mounted in arc-shaped slots of the fixed supporting plates 70, a bar 71 adapted to coact with such shoulder to trip thetrigger. This bar is common to all of the triggers and it is operated by the be fore-identified bail structure. The slots in which the bar works are struck on an are about the center of the bail rock-shaft Mind the bail sidepieces 69 have upper 1768.179 wardly, projecting arms 69' which act upon the upper edge of the bar 71 at the proper time to cause said bar to trip any of the trig.-

gers whose arms 67" have been elevated into the pathof movement of the bar. Sp

72 retract the bar and furthermore the bails ide;pieces 69 have lower rearwardly proectmg arms 69" to. act upon the under edge of the bar and insureits return to the nor-' mal upper position shown in Fig. 1.v It will be observed that in Fig. 2 where the handle of, the machine is at the limitoof its forward movement the bail structure is shown rocked upward as tothat portion in. front of the rock-shaft64 and downward as to the arms 69, so that the latter have driven the bar 71 downward and forward and the trigger which appears in that view has been tripped and the hammer fired.

The above-described hammer action is in eneral afamiliar one. and I have sim' l? c iosenit in the present instance as one rea' ily capable of adaptation to the needsof the novel type system above described. It is a well-known expedient to control the trig-' gers' by the type-carriers of the respective orders for the purpose of preventing the printing of ciphers to the left of the highest significant digit, and this is commonly accomplished in a hammeraction of the abovedescribed character by cotiperatively relat. ing the type-carriers to trigger-arms such as 67".- I follow that Ian in the pesent instance and the novelty of my invention in this connection consists in providing for the suppression of the trigger-tripping means 01' disablemcnt of the triggers, both .when

ciphers .are at. the printing line under straight-adding conditions and when ciphers lowest position, and incidentally the 9-type of the tens type-carrier is disclosed by reason of the blank space between the cipher Fig.

- jecting foot 80 at a Consequently if the t eipher type of its subtraction series at the printing line. Those three views serve to illustrate the control of type-carriers over triggers both under adding and under sub- 1' ranting conditions. I

Referring first to Fig. 1, a long irregular-shaped lever 80 is pivoted intermediate its ends upon a cross-rod 81 a short distance forward of the cross-rod 68 on which the triggers are pivoted. The rearwardly curved lower arm of this lever is carried up along- 'side a rearward extensionof the tri ger arm (iT 'and has a laterally turned on portion whigh engages over that extension. This lower arm of the lever is normally held forward by a bail cross-rod 82 occupying slots in the framelates 70, and the engaged trigger-arm is he d down with its catch (57 below the path of travel of the tripping bar 71, as shown in Fig. 1. In every operation of the machine the bail cross-rod 82 1s swung back and forward, and it moves back to free the lever arm just before the tri ping bar 71 is operated, in order that the trigger arm 67* may rise in time to be opprated upon by said bar. Whether or not t at trigger-arm rises will depend upon the position of the associated type-carrier. The upper arm of the controlling lever has a. forwardly propoint intermediate its length, and the associated type-carrier has a leg 52 with a laterally turned extremity which normally stands immediately in front of the said lever foot 80, as shown in Fig. 1. -carrier does not rise the lever is blocks notwithstanding the retreat of the bail cross-rod 82, and so the trigger-am will not be permitted to rise and the advance of the tripping-bar 71 will not affect it. This much corresponds general with the familiar centre of printing hammers in machines of this character, and it will of course be understood that the rise of the type-carrier for the printing of'any significant digit takes the extremity of the leg 52 upwardly beyond the foot 80 so that the trigger-arm will rise into the path of the tri ping-bar 71 and the trigger will be trippe as shown in Ih'g. 2.

Now, as before pointed out, when a eight?!- occurs in the subtrahend the correspon g rack-bar and typecarrier partake of man- 7 This brings the lowermost type, to-wit, the cipher type of the subtraction series, to the printing line. It should of course be printed and will be through the tripping of one trigger by another, but it must be borne in mind that We are required to be added com lementally in all orders higher than that w rare the highest significant digit of the subtrahend occurs, in order that a clear remainder ma be registered. This means of course that type-carriers of such higher orders will parto e of maximum movement and present their types at the printin line but manifestly these should not print. Therefore I provide for controlling the tri gers by the type-carriers in the matter of subtraction cipher printing upon the same principle as in connection with addition cipher printing but through a reversed relationship. That is to say, the type-carriers impose no restraint upon the trigger-arms when said type-carriers are at their lowest su traction, whereas they do impose restraint upon said arms when. the type-carriers are at their highest positions in sub traction. It should first be noted that the hftm of the pivot-rod 50 of the type-carriers ifts the extremities of the type-carrier legs 52 above the lever feet 80. Next it should be noted that each of these control levers attends upward beyond the foot 80 to a point where it may coact with the extremity of the type-carrier leg when the type-carrier is at its hi best position, as s iownby dotted lines in ig. 3. The lever has a forwardly turned arm 80" at its upper end which terminates in an upwardly projecting finger 80 designed to function the same as the'foot 80, carrier is in its hi best position, as in the case of the hundre s type-carrier illustrated in Fig. 3, the laterally turned extremity of the foot 52 is directly in front of this finger 80 and blocks the lever so that it will continue to restrain the tri ger-arm. At all intermediate positions 0 the t pe-carrier the lever will not be blocked nor t e triggerarm restrained, as in the caseof the tens type-carrier illustrated in Fig. 3, which stands at the position for the printing of 4 as a digit of the subtrahend.

It should perhaps be noted at this point Thus when the typethat in the case of a cipher occurring in the units order of the subtrahend the rack-bar moves ten steps so as to provide for im artmg a complete rotation to the units w eel, a nd correspondingly the units type-carrier rises ten steps. Inasmuch as the units typecarrier must move a step farther than the higher order type-carriers in order to bring its cipher to the printing line the upper arm of the controlling lever 80in the units order is somewhat lon r than the upper arms of the levers in t e higher orders, as illustrated in Fig. 1. a

It should perhaps be further noted that lever has a stud 17 the cross-rod or the the act of setting the machine for subtraction br' s the 9-ty. of the subtraction series'to t e printing e,-exce tthat of the units type-carrier, and it w be recalled that when a. '9-key is depressedin the setting up of a subtrahend the rack-bar is revente from moving exce t in the case 0 the units rack-bar, .so-t e 9-type is held at the printing line. Now in the case of-the units type-carrier there is a one-step upward tobring this 9-t e'of the subtraction series to the printing Referring finally to the actuating devices worked by the operating lever 17, and best shown in Fig. 8, the lower arm 17" of such oecup 11%;): open slot in therear end of with which said lever arm is conne'cte byaspring 91.

92 designates a power spring connecti the lever arm with the base of them ie. The purpose of the-other spring 91 is to provide a yielding connection to protect the wardly. There is a suitable dwell to provide for the printing, and when the operating lever returns, the bail is swung forward to restore rackbars and type-eiirriers.

Another link 95 also pivotally connected to the bell-crank 93 extends reerwardly and pivotally connects with one amt-96 of another bell-crank lever secured to the rock- 'shaft Moi the bail structure before-described as functioning to trip hammertriggers and to restorehammers. It will v be apparent that this bail structure derives its rocking movement from the operating handle through the mediumof the link 95. The arm 96 of this-bell-crank onthe rockshaft 64 further functions to retract the bail cross-rod '82. The side-pieces, of this bail are designated by-the numeral 82' and-1.

one of them has a rearwardly extending arm 82" with a roller stud engaging a seg mental head formed 'on'the bell-crank armj 96. At the forward end of this head there is a cam rise 96. A spri' 82- drawsgthe bail forward but as the be -crank arm96 nears the end of its rearward movement (as derived from the forward stroke of the operating handle) said cam-rise acts upon the roller stud of the arm 82" rocking the bail so as to retract its cross-rodr82 and movementunderlies the 1 roller travels i bail one of which carries a roller stud 94= occupy-- ail which works inbe employed to pro r ment of the refis theregy free the several controlling lev ers 8 The last-mentioned bell-crank has still a further function to perform, to wit, that of automatically releasing keys. To this end its other arm is connected by a link '97 with a crank-arm 98-on a rockshaft 99 which carries 'a series-of arms 190 to which are pivoted res ively sm'all bell-cranks 101 to act upon the detent strips .24. Eachof these small be'ILcranks is connected by a spring 102-to a branch of the associated am 100 which spring normally holds a stud on the small he'll-crank against a shoulder of the arm 100, as shown in Fi 1 and 8. There is a roller 103 at the on of the forwardly projecting arm "of the bell-crank 101 which roller normally gojecting rear end of the detent hen the handle isdrawn forward and the rockshaft 99 rotated clockwise,the spr' .102 yields and the said up past the end of the detent strip. 'e small bell-crank then recovers its position and swings on up with its support' arm. to the position illustrated in ig. 2. Then when the operating handle returns, under the wer of .the spring 92, and the rock-shaft '9 is correspondingly turned counterclockwise, the small roller 103 will strike against the end of the detent strip and force it forward thereby releasing any depressedkey. As before stated an suitable means may iv control the engagerm pinions 12 with the racks 14 have ere'shown a reciproosting bar 105 for such urpose, this bar bein cited to embrace t pivot stud of ll-crank 93 for guiding purposes and the the shaft havin a cam-slot 105. embracingor to on which the inions turn. The bar is recipfrocated by t action of cams 93 and 93 on the bell-crank 93, against studs 105 and-105 carried b of the forward stroke 0 the operati die the cam 93 acts against the stu forcing'the bar rearward and thereby meshing the pini'ons with the racks. At the end han- of the return movement of the operating handle the cam 93 act's upon the stud 105 "and drives the bar forward disengaging the pinions from the racks.

bar. At the end lit I have omitted illustration of carrying mechanism because nothing unique is re- ..quired in this res ct .and any one of a number of known ms of cart ing mechanism may be employed. Neit er have I extended the illustration to zeroizing or total printing mechanism. Known principles are applicable here also, such as that in volving release of all rack bars and reverse rotation of registering wheels to zero whereby movement of rack'bars is measured and type-carriers correspondingly sct,of course w1th the machine in addin condition, exce t in case of an overdraft, which would ca 1 for printing the complement of the registration on the wheels. By reason of my novel form of ty e-carriers the correct printing of an over raft or a negative total can be accomplished by simply keeping the machine in subtracting condition while practising the familiar totaling operation.

I claim:

1. In an addin machine, the combination of a series of va ue ke s' two sets of stops complcmentally settabl e by said keys; and a differentially movable registering element carrying alternatin stop members to separate y coact with the key stops-of the two sets, the setting of one such member to coact with the kc steps of one set entailing disablement o the other member for coaction with the key stops of the other set, and the graduation of stops of the active set determining the extent of movement of the registering element. 7

2. In an addin machine, the combination of a series of va ue keys; two sets of stops complementally settable by said keys; and a differentially movable registerin element carrying a shiftable piece with a ternating stop members to separately coact with the key stops of the two sets.

3. In an addin machine, the combination of a series of value he s' two sets of stops complementally settab e by said keys; and a differentially movableregisterin element carrying a pivoted piece with a ternating stop members to separately coact with the key steps of the two sets.

4. In an adding machine, the combination of a column of depressible keys; two sets of independently movable stops; means for dis placing said stops by said keys in each pair composed of a stop of eae set complementally related to each other; and a differentially movable registering element carrying alternatin stop members to separate y coact with t e key stops of the two. sets, the setting of one such member to coact with the ke stops of one set entailing disablement o the other member for coaction with the key stops of the other set, and the graduation of stops ofthe active set determining the extent of movement of the registerin element.

5. ii an adding machine, the combination of a column of depressible keys; two sets of independentlymovable stops; means for displacing said stops by said keys in airs, each pair composed of a stop of eac set complementally related to each other; and a differentially movable registering element carrying a shiftable piece with alternating stop members to separately coact with the key stops of the two sets.

6. In an adding machine, the combinaairs,

tion of a column of depressible keys; two sets of independently movable etc 5 means for displacing said stops b sai keys in pairs, each pair composed o a stop of each set complementally related to each other; and a differentially movable registering element carrying a pivoted piece with alternating stop members to separately coact with the key stops of the two sets.

7. In an adding machine, the combination of a column of keys; two sets of verticall arranged independently movable stop bla es; cam bars operatively connected with the kegs for shifting thereby and engaged with t e stop blades in pairs thcreof,-cach pair com osed ofa stop of each set complemcnta ly related to each other; a differentially movable re istering element having a stop piece extending adjacent both sets of stop lades; and means for establishing cooperative relationshi between said stepplece and either set 0 sto blades.

8. In an adding machine, the combination of a column of keys; two sets of verticall arranged independently movable stop bla es; cam bars 0 eratively connected with the ke for shifting thereby and engaged with t e stop blades in'pairs thereofi-each pair com osed ofa stop of each set com plementa 1y related to each other; and a difi'erentia 1y movable registering element having a stop-piece which is shiftable for coaction with either set of stop blades in measuring movement of said element.

9. In an adding Emaehine, the combination of a column of eys; two sets of verticall arranged independently movablestop bla es; cam bars 0 eratively connected with the kegs for shiftlng thereby and engaged with t e stop blades in pairs thereof, each pair com osed of a stop of each set complementa 1y related to each other; and a difierentially movable registering element having a pivoted piece with stop projections to coact respectively with the two sets of stop-blades.

10. In an addin tion of a column 0 keys; two sets of verticallv arranged independently movable stop bla es; cam bars 0 eratively connected with the keys for shi ing thereby and engaged with the stop blades in pairs thereof, each air composed of a stop of each set comp ementally related to each other and each bar cooperating with two such pairs in alternation through reversed cam formations; 2. diflerentlally movable registering element having a stop piece extending adjacent both sets of stop blades; and means for establishing eoiiperative relationship bemachine, the combinatween said stop piece .and either set of stop a difi'erentially movable registering element adapted to have its movement measured by a key stop of either set; means for establishing coiiperative relationship between either set of key stops and said registering element; a zero stop to normally prevent movement of the registering element under one such relationship; means common to. the keys for withdrawing said zero stop an additional key of highest value; a fixed stop for measuring the movement of the re istering element whenthat key is used un der that same relationship; an additional stop set by said key to limit movement of the registering element under the other or complemental relationship; and another fixed stop to measure the maximum movement of the said element under such complemental relationship when no one of the keys is used.

12. In'an addin machine, the combination of a column 0% keys; two sets of vertically arranged independently movable stop blades; cam barso erativelyconnected with the keys for shifting thereby and engaged with the stop blades in pairs thereof, each pair composed of a stop of each set complementa'lly relatedto each other; a differentially movable registering element having a pivoted piece with stop projections to coact respectively with the two sets of stop blades; a' zero stop blade to normally coact with one such projection and prevent movement of the registering element when .no key is in use; means common to the keys for withdrawing said zero stop blade; an additional key of highest value; a fixed stop for that same projection to encounter when said highest value key is used; an additional stop blade set by said key for the other projection to encounter whereby to limit istering element; and

movement of the re another fixed stop or this projection to encounter whereby to measure maximum movement of the registering element.

13. In an adding machine, the combination of a series of value keys; two sets of sto s 'complementally settable by said keys; a ifi'erentially movable type-carrier coupled to said registering element and having a double set of types, those of one set running in reverse order to those of the other and alternating therewith; and means for establishing cotiperative relationship between either set of key stops and said registering element and for correspondingly and incidentally adjusting the type-carrier to preliminarily provide for bringing the proper one of its two sets of type into use.

14. In an adding machine, the combination of a series of value keys; two sets of sto s 'complementally settable by said keys; a differentially movable pivoted type carrier coupled to said registering element and having a double set of types, those of one a set running in reverse order to those of the other and alternating therewith; and means for establishing coiiperative relationship be tween either set of key stops and said registerin-g element and for correspondingly loeating the pivot of the latter to bring the proper one of its two sets of type into use.

15. In an adding machine, the combination of a series of value keys; two sets of stops oomplementally settable by said keys; a differentially movable pivoted type carrier coupled to said re 'stering element and having a double set 0 t pes, those of one set running in reverse 0 er to those of the other and alternating therewith, and the pivot of said type carrier bein shiftable to provide for use of either set 0 type; and a pivotally mounted reciprocating stop piece for coacting with the key-stops to measure movement of the registering element and of the type carrier on its pivot, said stop-piece being coupled to the type carrier and shiftable with the latters pivot whereby to establish codperative relationship with the proper set of key stops.

16. In an adding machine, the combination of a series of value keys; two sets of stops complementally settable by said keys; a reciprocating registering rack bar; a stop piece pivotally mounted upon said rack bar and having separated projections one for coaction with key stops of one set and the other for coaction wlth key stops of the other set; and a pivoted type carrier coupled to said stop piece and having a double set of types those of one set running in reverse order to those of the other and alternating therewith, and the pivot of said type carrier being shiftable to provide for use of either set of types according to the accompanying setting of the stop-piece for coaction with one or another of the sets of key stops.

17. In an adding machine, the combination of a number of denominational series of keys, the keys of each series representing progressing numerical values; type carriers having corresponding types and also cipher types in double series reversely and alternately arranged; printing devices cooperatively related for the filling in of ciphers to the right of any significant digit, with provisions for preventing the printing of ciphers to the left thereof with type carriers at normal or at maximum displacement; differentially movable registering elements coupled to the type carries respectively; complemental stop devices for indexing said registering elements and type-carriers under control of the keys; and means for redetermining the character of coaction ietween said stop devices and said registering elements and correspondingly predetermining which series of types shall serve.

18; In-an adding machine thc combination-of anumber of denominational series of: keys; the keys of each series representing progressing numerical values; type carriers having correspond-ingtypes and'also cipher types in double series reversely and alternately arranged; printinghammers; triggers therefor; trigger, trippingineanm" devices controlledbythe type carriers for .disabling saidxlatter means :whenicip r types oiaeither series are v'fat sprinting position; meanswhereby triggers smay' be trip independently: ofiigthe'asaid devicess or, the filling inof rci rstoethe rightgie'fisignificant idigitsg; di erentially movable I reg-1ster inggelementsmeoupled to the itiype carriers respectively; complemental' stop devices for indexing. saidireglstering elementsand type carriers iunder'controlfiof the ,keys; .and means forspnedetermining the character of ,coactioni between saidsto devices and :said registeringrelements. an correspondingly predete'rminimg which series of types shall served; J

19. In an addinglmaichine; the-combina, ta'on iota-a r-nnmber oi denominational series of keys,=the keys oiseachseries representing progressing numerical values type carriers having; corresponding types and also. cipher types-in double series-'reversely and alternately arranged; printing-hammers triggersi'therefomttriggerl tripping 'iIlGEtl1S comprisin reciprocating-element and displacea lertrigger-arms operated upon thereby; devices: controlled bythe type carriers for holdingisaid trigger arms displaced whenieipheritypesof either seriesare at printing; position; means whereby triggers may zbetripped-independently of. the said devices for-the filling in-of ciphers to the right of .significantdigits differentially movable regis'tering elements coupledto the type carriers respectively; complemental stopjdevices: for indexing said registering elements and tvpe carriers under control of the keys; and means for predetermining the characterof coaction between said :st0p-devices and said registering elements and correspondingly predetermining'which series'oftypes shall serve.

20. In an adding machine, the combina tion of a number of denominational series of keys the keys of each series representing progressing numerical values type-carriers having corresponding types and also cipher types in double series reversely and alternately arranged; printing hammers; triggers therefor; trigger-tripping means comprising a. reciprocating element and displaceable trigger-arms which tend to assume positions where said element will act upon them; swinging members engaged with said arms respectively and each having spaced formations to cooperate with timessociated type-carrier in its two extreme-p0 0 sitions whereby to, hold the trigger-arm displaced; means whereby triggers may be tripped independently of 4 said swinging members for the fill ngin of ciphers to the right of significant digits; differentially movable registering elements coupled to the type carriers, vrespectively; Y complemental stoprdcvices for indexing said registerin clements andtype-carriers under control 0 H e i y tend m a f rr d t r is ns h a be s l zei m d /no in e nrd Vises andsaid negsteririg velements an d cor resp e e g. rrsiet eemes w c r Busin ss z sv w 21.,gIn an; adding machine, the combina tion ,qf, a nnmber oi denominational series of keys, .the keysofieaph series representing progressing numerical values; type-carriers havingeorrespondingaypes and also ci her types in double series reverselyland a ternately; arranged printing hammers; triggers therefor ;,-tr;i gge -tr-,i,peping means comre n. la-i=e riie esns .efiient and pla le tuggenarnis, which 'tend to" as s ms; r sti s Wh re se elemefit .Will act upon them levers engaged E with, said arms respectively tolre'strain them and having spaced projections the, type-carriers having coacting projections; means whereby trige gersmay be tripped independently of said swinging members for the filling in of ciphers to the right of significant digits; differentially movable registering elements coupled to the ty c-carriers respectively; complemental stop evices for indexing said registering elements and type-carriers undcrcontrol of the keys; and means for predetermining the character of coaction between said stop devices and said registering elements and oorrespendingl predetermining which series of typessha l serve.-

22. In an adding maphine, the combination of .a number of denominational series of keys, the. keys of each series representing progressing numerical values; type-carriers having corresponding types and also ciphertypes in double series reversely and alter-. natelyarrangedpprinting hammers; trig-' gers therefor; trigger-trip ing means com prising :a reciprocating e ement and disp'laceable triggenarms .which tend to assume positions where said element will act upon them; levers engaged with said armsrespectively; ;to restrain them, and having spaced projections, the type-carriers having coactingprojections; means for normally holding said levers in restraining position and freeing them prior to advance of the reciprocating trigger-tripping element; means wherebytriggers may be tripped independently of said swinging members for the fillin in of ciphers tothe right of significant igits; differentially movable registeri-ng elements coupled to the type-carriers respectively; complemental stop-devices for indexing said registering elements and typecarriers under control of the keys; and means for predetermining the character of coaction between said stop devices and said registering elements and correspondingly predetermining which series of types shall serve.

23. In an adding machine the combination of a number of denominational series of keys, the keys of each series representing progressing numerical values; type-carriers having corresponding types and also cipher types in double series revcrsely and alternately arranged; printing devices cooperatively related for the filling in of ciphers to the right of any significant digit, with provisions for preventing the printing of ciphers to the left thereof with type-earriers at normal or at maximum displacement; differentially movable registering elements coupled to the type-carriers respectively; two sets of stops for each series of keys complementally settable by the keys other than that of highest value; a stoppieee on each registering element settable in conjunction with the associated typecarrier for coaction with either set of key-stops; a zero-stop for each registering element to normally prevent movement thereof under one setting of such stoppiece; means common to all the keys of a series for withdrawing said Zero-stop; a fixed stop for measuring the movement of each registering element when the key of highest value is used under that same setting of stop-piece; an additional stop set by said key to limit movement of the registering element under the other or comple mental setting of the stop-piece; and another fixed stop for each registering element to measure the maximum movement thereof under such complemental setting of stoppiece When no key of the series is used.

24. In an adding machine, the combination of a number of denominational series of keys, the keys of each series representing progressing numerical values; type-carriers having corresponding types and also cipher types in double series reversely and alternately arranged, said type-carriers being mounted on a shiftable pivot rod; printing hammers; triggers therefor; trigger-tripping means comprising a reciprocating element and displaeeable trigger-arms which tend to assume positions where said element will act upon them; levers engaged with said arms respectively to restrain them, and having spaced projections, the type-carriers having coacting projections: means for normally holding said levers in restraining position and freeing them prior to advance of the reciprocating trigger-tripping element; means whereby triggers may be tripped independently ol said levers for the filling in of ciphers to the right of significant digits; registering rack-bars; pivoted stop-arms on the same having spaced stop-projections, said arms being coupled to the type-carriers respectively; two sets of stop-blades for each series of keys complementally settable by the keys other than that of highest value and adapted to coact with said spaced stopprojections respectively; zero-stops to normally prevent movement of rack-bars under one setting of their stop-arms; means common to keys by series for withdrawing the zero-stops; fixed stops for measuring maximum movement of rack-bars under that same setting of stop arms; additional stops set by the keys of highest value to limit movement of rack-bars under the other or complemental setting of stop-arms; and fixed stops to measure maximum movement of rack-bars under that setting of stop-arms when no keys are used.

ALLEN A. HORTON. 

